1. According to Lesson 4, what is the specific limitation of AI language models regarding lived particularity?
Correct. AI can describe Lyme exhaustion from thousands of patient accounts. It cannot have been that tired in that body. The training-on-text limitation is precisely the embodied, insider quality that lived particularity describes.
The limitation is epistemological, not technical: AI is trained on text about experiences, never on the experiences themselves. It can produce specific prose; it cannot produce particular prose in the sense Lesson 4 defines.
2. What secondary benefit does building a voice brief for AI provide to marketing teams?
Correct. Building a voice brief forces analytical articulation of brand voice—vocabulary range, forbidden clichés, target reader profile—which has craft and strategic value independent of what the AI produces.
The voice brief process forces teams to explicitly define their brand's distinctive voice—often for the first time formally—which has strategic value entirely independent of AI tool use.
3. Stanford University's 2023 student survey found that what percentage of students reported using AI in ways they believed violated course policies?
Correct. Stanford's 2023 survey found approximately 17% of students reported using AI to complete assignments in ways they believed violated course policies.
Stanford's survey found approximately 17% of students reporting such violations — a figure that drove major academic policy responses at universities across the country.
4. What is the recommended minimum number of AI-drift checklist items to trigger before conducting a full voice revision?
Correct. Three or more triggered items indicate systematic drift — not isolated instances — and warrant a full voice revision before publication.
Three or more items are the threshold. One or two may be incidental; three or more indicate drift has become systematic, warranting a full voice revision.
5. In the Reuters Institute four-level disclosure framework, at which level is disclosure described as "optional" (though some organizations require it anyway)?
Correct. Level 2 covers AI used for search, summarization, or ideation with no AI-generated sentences in the final text. Disclosure is optional at this level, though some organizations require it for process transparency.
Level 2 is the "optional" disclosure level — AI used as a workflow tool without any AI-generated sentences appearing in the final published text.
6. Which field of study uses statistical analysis of sentence length, word frequency, and syntactic patterns to identify authorship?
Correct. Stylometry is the quantitative study of literary style using statistical analysis — it's what Patrick Juola used in 2013 to identify J.K. Rowling as the author of The Cuckoo's Calling.
Stylometry is the correct term — the quantitative study of literary style using statistical analysis of word frequency, sentence length, and syntactic patterns to attribute authorship.
7. The U.S. Copyright Office's February 2023 ruling on Zarya of the Dawn established which principle regarding AI-generated content?
Correct. The Copyright Office ruled that copyright requires human authorship — the human-written text in the graphic novel received protection, but the AI-generated images did not, regardless of the creativity of the prompting process.
The ruling established that copyright attaches to human creative expression, not to algorithmic output — regardless of how creative the prompting process was.
8. What does the "zero-trust rule" mean in technical writing contexts?
Correct. Zero-trust means not accepting the genre's formal conventions as evidence of accuracy—every specific claim must be verified against a primary source regardless of how authoritative the output appears.
Zero-trust means every specific claim in AI-generated text—numbers, citations, dates, names—must be independently verified against a primary source before use. Formal appearance is not evidence of accuracy.
9. Neil Clarke closed Clarkesworld's submissions in January 2023 because of which specific problem?
Correct. Clarke closed submissions because undisclosed AI-generated stories had surged from a handful per month to hundreds, overwhelming the editorial team's ability to screen them.
Clarkesworld closed because of a flood of undisclosed AI-generated fiction — hundreds per month, submitted as original human work, overwhelming the editorial team.
10. What problem did Wirecutter editors discover when using early, low-constraint AI prompts in 2023?
Correct. The statistical center of AI training data produces competent but generic prose — mild, hedging, balanced — which clashed with Wirecutter's opinionated consumer-advice voice.
The AI defaulted to its training-data mean: mild, hedging, list-heavy prose incompatible with Wirecutter's established opinionated voice. Explicit constraint prompts narrowed the gap substantially.
11. What does "selective override" require of a writer using an AI editing tool?
Correct. Selective override is a discipline of individual evaluation — not bulk acceptance, not blanket rejection, but case-by-case judgment aligned with your specific stylistic intentions.
Incorrect. Selective override means evaluating each suggestion individually — a practice between bulk acceptance and blanket rejection that requires the writer to hold clear stylistic intentions.
12. In the 2023 CNET AI article scandal, what category of errors was most prevalent in the AI-generated personal finance articles?
Correct. The CNET errors were structurally plausible but factually wrong—incorrect interest calculations, wrong loan figures, misleading FDIC claims. The prose style signaled reliability while the content was incorrect.
The CNET case involved structurally plausible but numerically and legally incorrect claims—the defining category of AI error in financial and legal writing.
13. Which of these tasks is AI most reliably suited for across ALL four genres covered in this module?
Correct. Across all four genres, the consistent finding is that AI is most reliable when working from text the human has provided—generating variations, checking patterns, adapting formats—rather than generating original factual or strategically differentiated content.
The consistent principle across all four genres is that AI is most reliable working from provided text—generating variations, checking consistency, adapting formats—not generating original factual or differentiated content.
14. The University of Copenhagen 2022 research found that even minimal AI polishing reduced which quality in student essays?
Correct. The Copenhagen research found that even one round of AI polishing measurably reduced stylistic variance — essays became simultaneously more grammatically uniform and more stylistically anonymous.
The Copenhagen 2022 research found that even minimal AI polishing reduced stylistic variance — essays became more grammatically uniform and more stylistically anonymous simultaneously.
15. Stephen Marche's 2022 Atlantic essay demonstrated that AI text can become indistinguishable because:
Correct. Voice absorption through editorial revision — not AI capability — made the text indistinguishable. The mechanism is the writer's editing process, not the AI's output quality.
Not quite. The indistinguishability came from Marche's editing process — voice absorption — not from AI quality. The AI gave him raw material; his editing transformed it.
16. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) addresses which specific limitation of standard AI models?
Correct. RAG connects the model to external databases or documents at inference time, allowing it to retrieve current or specialized information rather than relying solely on training data.
RAG specifically addresses the training cutoff problem by connecting the model to external information sources at query time, enabling current-information retrieval.
17. Why does AI marketing copy structurally default to clichés like "streamline your workflow" and "empower your team"?
Correct. AI optimizes for statistically likely continuations. The most common marketing phrases in training data are the clichés—making statistical optimization and competitive differentiation structurally opposed goals.
AI generates statistically likely continuations of marketing-register text. The most common marketing phrases are by definition the clichés. This inverts the strategic logic of differentiation.
18. The Associated Press's 2023 AI policy prohibited AI-generated prose in news copy but permitted AI for which tasks?
Correct. The AP's 2023 guidelines drew a clear line: AI was permitted for data journalism and image tagging but prohibited for generating prose in news copy.
The AP permitted AI specifically for data journalism and image tagging — not for prose generation, headline writing, or translation of news copy.
19. What did the 2023 PLOS ONE study by University of Pennsylvania researchers find about AI's effect on academic writing?
Correct. The measurable uptick in specific AI-favored vocabulary across 1 million abstracts is direct evidence of lexical convergence — a narrowing of vocabulary driven by shared upstream AI influence.
Incorrect. The key finding was vocabulary convergence — specific AI-favored words becoming more statistically common across a massive corpus of abstracts after ChatGPT's release.
20. Which of the following is the best summary of how the "Tag → Tier → Trace" workflow is implemented?
Correct. The three steps are sequential: mark AI-sourced claims during the session, assess each for risk level, then verify with the appropriate number of primary sources before the claim enters the draft.
Tag = mark AI-sourced claims in notes during research. Tier = assess each for risk level. Trace = verify each with the required number of original primary sources. This sequence prevents AI-sourced claims from reaching the draft unverified.